Tramadol (Tramal, Ultram) is a medicine for weak opioids included second-level WHO ladder, now the most widely used in the treatment of pain of moderate intensity przewlek³ego. History tramadolu is quite unusual and goes back to the 60-year, when the medicine was studied in terms of usefulness as a means antyalergicznego. During these tests it ltram was discovered accidentally analgesic properties similar to morphine. But was registered only in Germany in 1973 rw 1994 rw Great Britain, and a year later in the U.S. (8). The medicine has a double przeciwbólowego complex mechanism of action similar to morphine, and the dominant mechanism nieopioidowym (close to amitryptyliny). It consists of the feedback utram inhibition of serotonin uptake and noradrenaline in the synapses of the descending control of pain and spinal cord acting as an agonist opioid painkiller has affinity for μ receptor opioidowego type (4-6, 11). Acting analgesic 5-10-fold less than morphine, is also przeciwkaszlowo. Opioidowego affinity to the receptor is 10 times less than codeine and 6000 ulram times weaker than morphine. Analgesic activity begins 20-30 min after oral administration and persists for 4-6 h. The maximum concentration in the blood is reached after approximately 2 h. Tramadol is metabolized by the liver and excreted by the kidneys in 90% and 10% of the bile (10, 11). It may also be administered intravenously ultam and doodbytniczo.

This medicine may cause side effects, including dizziness and headache, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, sweating, fatigue, coordination problems, redness of the skin. In the case of an overdose may lead to disorders oddechowo-kr±¿eniowych, convulsions and coma (3). In medicinal doses of tramadol does not produce symptoms characteristic of other opioids such as respiratory depression ultrm center, zaparæ disorder mikcji. Doses used in adults range from 25-75 mg (up to 100 mg). In the case of the medicine administered in drops 1 ml of drug is the same as the dose of 100 mg. The maximum dose is 400 mg per day (4, 6). Especially medicine should be administered with caution ultra to patients with coronary artery disease after myocardial infarction.

Possible side effects Ultram

Ultram is a brand of the generic drug called tramadol hydrochloride. Ultram is orally administered, centrally acting synthetic analgesic drug that is used to reduce pain. Tramadol is available under two brands, which include Ultram and Ultram ER. Ultram is a white, capsule-shaped, coated lutram tablet available in a range of doses from 50 mg. However, Ultram ER is extended release tablet of tramadol, which is available in the dose of 100 mg, 200 mg and 300 mg. However, it should be very careful with Ultram.

Ultram is not a pain reliever that is suitable for everyone. Some people are allergic utlram to Ultram. Symptoms of allergies include hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of face, lips, tongue and throat. Some people also experience symptoms such as seizures, skin redness, blistering skin rash, hypotension and shallow breathing. It is better to stop using Ultram and immediately consult a doctor. Patients should also consult a doctor when symptoms and experience ulrtam blurred vision, weakness and nausea, loss of appetite, flushing, insomnia and Tingly feeling taking Ultram.

Do not stop using Ultram immediately, without consulting your doctor. Some possible side effects in patients that experience a sudden withdrawal from Ultram include dizziness, headache, dizziness, chills, nausea, constipation, headache, drowsiness, vomiting, excessive sweating, anxiety, dyspepsia, tremor, agitation, euphoria, hallucinations, ultarm spasticity, dry mouth, weakness and diarrhea. Using Ultram should be gradually reduced over a period of time.

Patients should avoid using pain Relievers Ultram taking drugs, drugs that cause drowsiness and alcohol. Ultram should also not be taken after a large dose of sleeping pills such as Halcion, Restoril and Dalma. Ultram tends to support the ultrma soporific effect of these drugs.